Security researchers at Oligo Security have uncovered a series of critical vulnerabilities in Apple’s AirPlay protocol, collectively dubbed “AirBorne.” This significant security discovery impacts an estimated 2.35 billion Apple devices and numerous third-party products incorporating AirPlay technology, presenting a substantial cybersecurity risk to the global technology ecosystem.
Understanding the Severity and Scope of AirBorne Vulnerabilities
The research team identified 23 distinct vulnerabilities within the AirPlay protocol, with two particularly severe issues – CVE-2025-24252 and CVE-2025-24132 – enabling potential zero-click exploits that could propagate like computer worms. Another critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-24206, compromises AirPlay’s connection verification mechanism, potentially allowing unauthorized access to devices.
Technical Impact and Attack Vectors
These vulnerabilities can be exploited through peer-to-peer connections or when devices share the same wireless network. Potential attack scenarios include remote code execution, Man-in-the-Middle attacks, denial of service conditions, and unauthorized access to sensitive information. The self-propagating nature of these exploits poses a particular concern for enterprise environments and interconnected device ecosystems.
Security Patches and Affected Systems
Apple has responded by releasing security updates across its product lineup, including:
- iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4
- macOS Ventura 13.7.5, Sonoma 14.7.5, and Sequoia 15.4
- visionOS 2.4
- Various AirPlay-related SDKs and plugins
Implementation of Security Measures
Cybersecurity experts recommend implementing a multi-layered defense strategy:
- Immediate deployment of available security patches across all Apple devices
- Disabling AirPlay functionality when not actively required
- Configuration of firewall rules to restrict AirPlay access to trusted devices only
- Implementation of comprehensive network monitoring solutions
The widespread adoption of AirPlay technology in smart speakers, televisions, and automotive systems presents a significant challenge for comprehensive vulnerability remediation. The situation is particularly concerning for devices that may not receive security updates, creating persistent security risks within both consumer and enterprise environments. Organizations are advised to conduct thorough security assessments and implement compensating controls where patches cannot be applied.
